In the period of chaos that followed the October Revolution, Crimean Tatars organised themselves in Crimea, where they had been continuing their existence for long years, and established the Crimean Tatar Government on 26 December 1917. Although the…
Interventions resulting from the execution of the Mondros Armistice, the Allied occupation together with the demands of the Armenians and Greeks all paved the way for E lviye-i Selase (Kars, Ardahan, Batum, the three Provinces) and the rise of a national…
The Tanzimat Decree (Imperial Prescript of Gülhane), aimed to reorganize the political system in the early 19th century and brought some innovations in the field of municipality services.1864 Governmental Province Regulations and the 1877 Provincial…
The First World War represents the last stage of the deep-rooted struggle between Turkey and Russia. The aim of Russia was to abolish the Ottoman State and capture the Bosphorus and to go to the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea through Eastern Anatolia…
The Russian policy of gaining access to Mediterranean through Caucasia and the Balkans deeply affected the Ottoman Empire during the 19 th century. To reach this end Russia aimed to seize the straits in the west and used the Armenians in Caucasia. Under these…