Finlay wrote that "the history of Trebizond was almost unknown, until Professor Fallmerayer discovered the Chronicle of Michael Panaretos”. After the discovery of these chronicles, while the history of the Kingdom of Komnenos, which was established in 1204…
Timişoara joined the Ottoman lands in the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent era, has remained under Ottoman rule for approximately 164 years. Timişoara was transformed into an Ottoman sanjak with the initatives of Ahmed Pasha in 1552, then she did not face…
Nonprofitable monetary foundations were established for public benefit. These foundations meet the everyday needs of the people living in the region, and they aim to increase cooperation and solidarity between them. Monetary foundations had a crucial role in…
Gülbahar Hatun Foundation was founded in 1515 by his son Selim I. in the name of Gülbahar Hatun, who died in Trabzon in 1505-1506. For more than 400 years, it has contributed to the region from social, economic, scientific, religious, municipal and commercial…
The telephone, one of the modern gadgets, was invented in the 19th century. There were postal systems and telegraph centres for communication before the telephone was introduced. It is seen that the centralist states developed these tools. In the 19th…
Erzurum Congress is one of the first and most important congresses of the Turkish National Struggle. Upon the Armistice of Mudros, some regions of Anatolia were invaded, and some regions were claimed by the so-called Armenia and Pontus states. The congress…
Inspection, one of the essential tasks of government, is an essential activity carried out by all administrative posts. One of the most crucial inspection units established in the Ottoman Empire after the Tanzimat reform was education inspection. Since there…
The first folklore compilation in Giresun is a short study on plateau migration in Tirebolu. This research was published in the magazine Türk Yurdu in 1915. The magazine owner, Major Hüseyin Avni Bey from Tirebolu, was martyred in Haymana in the National…
The Black Sea region and its idiosyncratic people have been represented in many novels, stories, songs, and films. However, it is Cold of Kalandar (2015) that has achieved unprecedented worldwide acclaim. Turkish-Hungarian co-production Cold of Kalandar…
People have always used jewellery for aesthetic purposes. In history, surveys to date reveal that jewellery is a recurrent symbol: a sign of power, nobility, courtly aesthetic, and belief. Therefore, jewellery has appeared as a significant material or object…
The Byzantine lead seals (molybdobullae) are significant historical sources, confirming the information of written sources with the data they provide on the history of Byzantine central and provincial organization and prosopography as well as bringing to…