Fires were nightmares of Istanbul for a long time, and material losses and moral destruction occurred as a result of fires. While carelessness and torching are primary causes of fire, factors such as architectural structure in the city, insufficient…
The economic developments initiated by the Industrial Revolution in Europe have radically changed the consumption habits of the societies. The variety of products and services has increased on a large scale. The need to commute these new products and services…
In the Second Constitutional Period, the Ottoman rulers began to identify economic development with incorporation, and increasingly established national corporations with the influence of the Committee of Union and Progress’ policy of creating national…
A branch of the “The National Relief Society for the Ottoman Navy ( Donanma-yı Osmanî Muavenet-i Milliye Cemiyeti )” was founded in Trabzon in 1910. On the provincial level (Trabzon) it was organized in the cities, towns and villages, and it fulfilled some…
Founded in Istanbul in order to collect aid to the Ottoman navy, the the League branches of National Navy Osmani Gwin were opened across the country in a short time.Trabzon branch of the Society started its activities in January 26, 1910. This study, covering…
The present study is about the evaluation of subsidies raised in Trabzon for the Turco-Italian War (1911-1912) according to the Subsidy Records. The study reveals that the aforementioned subsidies were collected both individually and institutionally at the…
It is believed that the Trabzon press covered to a great extent the actual events particularly after the Italian invasion of Tripoli under Ottoman Empire in 1911 on various occasions. The newspaper Trabzon’da Meşveret , being published in Trabzon , both…
The settlement areas in Eastern Black Sea region were established on very rare flat areas. The ancient city center of Trabzon was established on the high flat area which was situated between the streams of Debbağhane and Zağnos. This geographical structure…
Şakir Şevket’s Trabzon Tarihi (History of Trabzon) represents the beginning of the tradition of city historiography in the Ottoman Empire. His courage and effort kept the issue of writing history of Trabzon on the agenda after his period. The establishment of…
With the decleration of the Constitution II (1908), people had the right of association due to some constitutional amendments. Thus, a number of associations with various objectives were established during the fol-lowing years. These, in general, aimed to…