After the end of the Cold War, the balance of power in the Black Sea Basin in the last century was disrupted. The region has attracted global interest and triggered conflicts of interest in addition to the existing tension since then. Not only asymmetrical…
After the end of the Cold War, the balance of power in the Black Sea Basin in the last century was disrupted. The region has attracted global interest and triggered conflicts of interest in addition to the existing tension since then. Not only asymmetrical…
Having invaded the Northern bank of the Black Sea, the Tsarist Russia wanted to occupy the Turkish Straits on both sides in order to guarantee her access to the warm waters as an alternative for the iced northern ports in winter. Tsar’s desire in question…
It is obvious that there is a close relationship between trade routes and temples throughout history. This study deals with the connection between trade and three monasteries located in Maçka valley where historical trade routes pass through. Considering…
During World War I the Tsar was dethroned as a result of the internal conflicts in the Tsarist Russia and a new era started. The Provisional Government that was formed after Tsarist period was not long-lived and Bolsheviks seized the power in October 1917…